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Colima   »  Eruptive History

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Colima

Start Date: 1997  Nov 22  Stop Date: 2011 (in or after)

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  3

Lava Volume:  > 3.9  x  107 m3

Tephra Volume:  > 2.4  x  106 m3

Area of Activity: 1994 crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)
    Evacuation

Start Date: 1994  Jul 21  Stop Date: 1994 Jul 21 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  1

Tephra Volume:  6  x  105 m3

Area of Activity: West of 1987 explosion crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Evacuation

Start Date: 1991  Mar 1  Stop Date: 1991 Oct 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  2

Lava Volume:  1.1  x  107 m3

Tephra Volume:  1.0  x  106 m3

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)
    Debris avalanche(s)

Start Date: 1988  Jun 15 ± 180 days

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  2?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1987  Jul 2  Stop Date: 1987 Jul 2 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  1

Area of Activity: East side of summit lava dome

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Phreatic explosion(s)

Start Date: 1985  Stop Date: 1986 Jan 5 ± 4 days

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  1

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1983  Feb 11  Stop Date: 1983 Feb 15 

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  1?

Area of Activity: (possibly confused with 1982 activity)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 1977  Dec  Stop Date: 1982 Jun 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  1

Lava Volume:  1.8  x  105 m3

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 1975  Dec 11 (?) Stop Date: 1976 Jun 20 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  2

Lava Volume:  1.1  x  108 m3

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 1973  Jan 30 

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  1

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 1963  Stop Date: 1970 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  1

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 1961  Stop Date: 1962 Dec 1 ± 30 days

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  1

Lava Volume:  6  x  106 m3

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 1957  May 14  Stop Date: 1960 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  1

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 1941  Apr 15 

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  3?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption  (?)
    Pyroclastic flow(s)  (?)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1926 ± 4 years Stop Date: 1931 (?) 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  1?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption  (?)
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 1913  Jan 17  Stop Date: 1913 Jan 24 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  5

Tephra Volume:  1.7  x  109 m3

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 1908  Dec 18  Stop Date: 1909 Jul 1 ± 30 days

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  3

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1904  Stop Date: 1906 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  1?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption  (?)
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 1903  Feb 15  Stop Date: 1903 Aug 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  3

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 1893  Dec 4  Stop Date: 1902 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  2

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1891  Jul  Stop Date: 1892 Jun 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  2

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 1890  Nov 18  Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  2?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 1889  Aug 9  Stop Date: 1890 Feb 16 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  4

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1887  Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  0

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 1885  Dec 26  Stop Date: 1886 Oct 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  3?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1882  Stop Date: 1884 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  1

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1880  Dec 1 ± 30 days Stop Date: 1881 Apr 12 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  2

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1879  Dec 23  Stop Date: 1880 Apr 30 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  1

Area of Activity: Summit vent and SW flank

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Flank (excentric) vent
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1875  Stop Date: 1878 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  1

Area of Activity: NE flank (El Volcancito)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Flank (excentric) vent
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 1874  Jun 12  Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  1

Area of Activity: NE flank (El Volcancito)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Flank (excentric) vent
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 1872  Feb 26  Stop Date: 1873 Mar 27 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  3

Area of Activity: El Volcancito and main crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Flank (excentric) vent
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Evacuation

Start Date: 1870  Stop Date: 1871 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  0

Area of Activity: NE flank (El Volcancito)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Flank (excentric) vent
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 1869  Jun 12  Stop Date: 1869 Aug 24 (on or after)

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  3

Lava Volume:  2.1  x  108 m3

Area of Activity: NE flank (El Volcancito)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Flank (excentric) vent
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 1866  Mar 4  Stop Date: 1868 

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (crater filling and overflow discounted)
Start Date: 1819  Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  1

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1818  Feb 15  Stop Date: 1818 Feb 16 (?)

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  4

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1806  Stop Date: 1809 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  2?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1804  Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  2

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1795  Mar  Stop Date: 1795 Sep 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  2

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1794  Aug  Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  2

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1780  Nov 26  Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  2

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1771  Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  3

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 1770  Mar 10  Stop Date: 1770 Mar 12 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  3

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1769  Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  2?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1749 

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  2

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption  (?)

Start Date: 1744  Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  2

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 1743  Oct 22  Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  2?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1711  Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  3?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1690  Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  3?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 1622  Jun 8  Stop Date: 1622 Jun 9 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  4

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 1611  Apr 15  Stop Date: 1613 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  3

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 1606  Nov 25  Stop Date: 1606 Dec 13 (on or after)

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  4

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1602 

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  2?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption  (?)

Start Date: 1590  Jan 14  Stop Date: 1590 Jan 15 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  3

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Fatalities

Start Date: 1585  Jan 10  Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  4

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1576  Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  3

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1560  Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  2

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Explosive eruption  (?)

Start Date: 1519  Stop Date: 1523 

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  3?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1110 ± 200 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 730 AD ± 100 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 540 AD ± 150 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 650 BC ± 200 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Debris avalanche(s)

Start Date: 1140 BC (?)  Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 1170 BC ± 200 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 1320 BC (?)  Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 1450 BC ± 100 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1890 BC ± 75 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1940 BC ± 300 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)
    Debris avalanche(s)

Start Date: 2370 BC ± 150 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI):  4?

Tephra Volume:  3.5  x  108 m3

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 2800 BC ± 100 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 3030 BC ± 50 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 3180 BC ± 100 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Area of Activity: (tephra units X,Y)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 3270 BC (?)  Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Tephrochronology

Area of Activity: (tephra unit W)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 3350 BC ± 300 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Area of Activity: (tephra unit V)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 3510 BC ± 200 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 3600 BC ± 200 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Area of Activity: (tephra unit U)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 4110 BC ± 100 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Area of Activity: (tephra unit T)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 4430 BC ± 300 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Area of Activity: (tephra units S,R)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 4500 BC ± 200 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 4960 BC ± 200 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Debris avalanche(s)  (?)

Start Date: 5880 BC ± 200 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Area of Activity: (tephra unit P)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 6320 BC ± 200 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 7420 BC ± 500 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 7690 BC ± 500 years Stop Date: Unknown

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Debris avalanche(s)

Global Volcanism Program — Department of Mineral Sciences — National Museum of Natural History — Smithsonian Institution

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