Global Volcanism Program | Volcanoes of the World | Volcanoes of the Mediterranean and western Asia

The launch of a new GVP website is scheduled for Monday, May 20, 2013.

Region Information

Eruptions

Subregions

Volcanoes of the Mediterranean and western Asia

Eruptions

Start Date: 2010 Aug 25

Stop Date: 2011 Jan 1 (on or after)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: Bocca Nuova, NE and SE Craters

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 2010 Apr 8

Stop Date: 2010 Apr 8

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: SE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 2008 May 13

Stop Date: 2009 Jul 4

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: East base of NE Crater (3000-2650 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 2007 Mar 19

Stop Date: 2008 May (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Bocca Nuova, SE Crater and flank vents

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 2006 Jul 14

Stop Date: 2006 Dec 15

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.8 ± 0.3 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: SE Crater & flank vents; NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 2005 Dec 16

Stop Date: 2005 Dec 22

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: Bocca Nuova

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 2004 Sep 7

Stop Date: 2005 Mar 8

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Lava Volume: 4.0 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: SE Crater, SE flank (3000-2320 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Debris avalanche(s)

Start Date: 2004 Feb 12

Stop Date: 2004 Feb 14

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1?

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 2003 Mar 8 ± 3 days

Stop Date: 2003 Nov 9

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 2002 Oct 26

Stop Date: 2003 Jan 28

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 3.9 ± 0.7 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 4.5 ± 0.5 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: NE Rift (3100-1900 m), S flank (2850-2600 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Evacuation

Start Date: 2001 Dec (?)

Stop Date: 2002 Oct 30 (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: Central Crater, NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 2001 Jul 17

Stop Date: 2001 Aug 9

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 2.5 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 7.5 ± 0.3 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: S to NE flanks (3100-2100 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1994 Jun 17

Stop Date: 2001 Jul 17

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 9.4 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: > 1 x 10⁸ m³

Area of Activity: Central Crater, NE Crater, SE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1993 Aug 3

Stop Date: 1993 Oct 13

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: Central Crater, NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1993 Feb 3

Stop Date: 1993 Feb 3

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)

Start Date: 1991 Dec 14

Stop Date: 1993 Mar 30

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 2.3 ± 0.3 x 10⁸ m³

Area of Activity: SE flank (3100-2800 m and 2400-2100 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1989 Dec 16

Stop Date: 1992 May 23

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 2.2 x 10⁶ m³

Tephra Volume: 2 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: SE and NE Craters

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1989 Sep 11

Stop Date: 1989 Oct 9

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 3.8 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: SE Crater, SE and NE flanks

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava lake eruption
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1988 Oct 2

Stop Date: 1989 Jun 30

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: SE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1987 Mar 8 ± 8 days

Stop Date: 1987 May 16

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: NE and SE Craters

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Fatalities

Start Date: 1986 Oct 30

Stop Date: 1987 Mar 1

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 6 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 2.4 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: Valle del Bove (3050-2180 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1986 Mar

Stop Date: 1986 Oct 31 (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2?

Area of Activity: SE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1985 Dec 19

Stop Date: 1985 Dec 31

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Lava Volume: 8 x 10⁵ m³

Tephra Volume: 9 x 10⁴ m³

Area of Activity: SE Crater and SE flank (2750-2420 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities

Start Date: 1985 Mar 8

Stop Date: 1985 Jul 13

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Lava Volume: 3 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 3 x 10⁴ m³

Area of Activity: SE Crater, south flank (2620-2480 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 1984 Jul 20

Stop Date: 1986 Sep 24

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 4 x 10⁵ m³

Tephra Volume: 7 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1984 Apr 28

Stop Date: 1984 Oct 18

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Lava Volume: 1.0 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 2.2 x 10⁵ m³

Area of Activity: SE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1983 Mar 28

Stop Date: 1983 Aug 6

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Lava Volume: 7.9 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 1.5 x 10⁵ m³

Area of Activity: South flank (2680-2250 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1981 Nov 26

Stop Date: 1981 Nov 26

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1981 Mar 17

Stop Date: 1981 Mar 23

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.8 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 3.3 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: NNW flank (2550-1140 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Evacuation

Start Date: 1981 Jan 26 ± 5 days

Stop Date: 1981 Mar 5 ± 4 days

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.7 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1980 Jul 8

Stop Date: 1980 Sep 26

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 2.6 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1979 Jul 16

Stop Date: 1980 Sep 1 ± 5 days

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Lava Volume: 7.5 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: SE Crater, SE, E and NE flanks

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1979 Jul 3

Stop Date: 1992 Dec

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1978 Apr 29

Stop Date: 1978 Nov 30

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 3.0 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: SE Crater, SE and ENE flanks (3050-1675 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1975 Feb 24

Stop Date: 1975 Aug 29

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Lava Volume: 6 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: North flank (2625 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1974 Sep 29 (?)

Stop Date: 1978 Mar 29

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 4.9 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1974 Jan 30

Stop Date: 1974 Mar 29

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 4.5 x 10⁶ m³

Tephra Volume: 3.1 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: West flank (1670 m and 1650 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1971 Sep 19

Stop Date: 1979 Mar (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 8 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1971 Apr 5

Stop Date: 1971 Jun 12

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 4.5 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 2 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: SE flank (3050 m), E flank (2880-1800 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Regional fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1968 Jul 11

Volcano: Vulcano

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (smoke clouds not due to eruption)

Start Date: 1968 Jan 7

Stop Date: 1968 May 4

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 0

Lava Volume: 1.0 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: SE flank (2550 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Radial fissure eruption
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1966 Jan 10

Stop Date: 1971 Mar (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: > 1.2 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: NE Crater, Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1959 Oct 17

Stop Date: 1964 Dec 31

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: > 1.9 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Central and NE Craters, NNE (3100 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1959 Jul

Volcano: Kars Plateau

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Phreatic explosion(s) (?)

Start Date: 1959 Mar 23

Stop Date: 1959 Apr 25 ± 5 days

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1958 Nov

Stop Date: 1958 Dec

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: NE Crater, Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1957 Aug 25

Stop Date: 1958 May 3

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1957 Feb 5

Stop Date: 1957 May 7

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.4 x 10⁶ m³

Tephra Volume: 7 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1955 Apr 5

Stop Date: 1956 Apr 7

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 9.7 x 10⁶ m³

Tephra Volume: 1.4 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: NE Crater, Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1953 Jul 30

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption (?)

Start Date: 1951 Sep 21

Stop Date: 1952 May 30

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1950 Nov 25

Stop Date: 1951 Dec 2

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.5 x 10⁸ m³

Tephra Volume: 6.3 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: East flank (2820-2200 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Evacuation

Start Date: 1950 Jan 10

Stop Date: 1950 Feb 2

Volcano: Santorini

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 7 x 10⁴ m³

Area of Activity: Nea Kameni (Liatsikas dome)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Regional fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 1949 Dec 3

Stop Date: 1950 Nov

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1949 Dec 2

Stop Date: 1949 Dec 5

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.0 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 2 x 10⁵ m³

Area of Activity: Central Crater and NW flank (2420-1900 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1947 Feb 24

Stop Date: 1947 Mar 10

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Lava Volume: 1.2 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 3 x 10⁴ m³

Area of Activity: NE flank (3050-2150 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1947 Jan 29

Stop Date: 1947 Feb 24

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Area of Activity: NE Crater, Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1946 Feb

Stop Date: 1946 Oct

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1945 Jun 5 ± 4 days

Stop Date: 1945 Oct

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1942 Jun 30

Stop Date: 1942 Jul 1

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.7 x 10⁶ m³

Tephra Volume: 1 x 10⁵ m³

Area of Activity: SW flank (2780-2240 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1941 Oct (?)

Stop Date: 1944 Apr 26 ± 4 days

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Central Crater, NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1939 Aug 20

Stop Date: 1941 Jul 2 ± 1 day

Volcano: Santorini

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 6.4 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Nea Kameni (Triton, Ktenas, Fouque domes)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Regional fissure eruption
    Submarine eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1935 Jul 7

Stop Date: 1941 Jan 27 (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Area of Activity: Central Crater, NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1934 Feb 2

Stop Date: 2011 (in or after)

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: > 1.9 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Summit craters and Sciara del Fuoco

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Submarine eruption
    New island formation
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Tsunami (giant sea waves)
    Debris avalanche(s)

Start Date: 1934 Jan 5

Stop Date: 1934 Mar

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1932 Jun 3

Stop Date: 1932 Jun 3

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1931 Jul 26 ± 5 days

Stop Date: 1933 Sep

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Central Crater, NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1930 Nov 1

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1929 Aug 2

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Fatalities

Start Date: 1928 Nov 2

Stop Date: 1928 Nov 20

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Lava Volume: 4.0 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 2.5 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: East flank (3000-1200 m), NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Evacuation

Start Date: 1928 Jul 31

Stop Date: 1928 Aug 20

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1928 Jan 23

Stop Date: 1928 Mar 17

Volcano: Santorini

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 4 x 10⁴ m³

Area of Activity: Nea Kameni (Naftilos dome)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Regional fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 1926 Jan 2

Stop Date: 1926 Jun

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1925 Aug 11

Stop Date: 1926 May

Volcano: Santorini

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1 x 10⁸ m³

Area of Activity: Nea Kameni (Dafni dome)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Regional fissure eruption
    Submarine eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion
    Fatalities (?)

Start Date: 1923 Oct 9

Stop Date: 1925 Feb

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1923 Jun 17

Stop Date: 1923 Jul 18

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 7.8 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 5 x 10⁵ m³

Area of Activity: NE flank (2500-1800 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1922 Aug

Volcano: Methana

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption (?)

Start Date: 1919 Mar 15

Stop Date: 1923 Jul (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: > 9 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: Central Crater, NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1918 Nov 30 (?)

Stop Date: 1918 Dec 1 (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1?

Lava Volume: 1.2 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: North flank (3110-2025 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1918 Mar

Stop Date: 1918 Nov

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: NE Crater, Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1917 Jun 24

Stop Date: 1917 Jul 5 ± 4 days

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: NE Crater, Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1913 Nov 13

Stop Date: 1917 Mar

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Central Crater, NE Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1913 Jul 5

Stop Date: 1944 Apr 4

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 2.5 x 10⁸ m³

Tephra Volume: 6.0 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Summit and upper flanks

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Evacuation

Start Date: 1912 Aug 4

Stop Date: 1912 Aug

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1911 Sep 30

Volcano: Campi Flegrei Mar Sicilia

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1?

Area of Activity: Pinne

Eruptive Characteristics:
Submarine eruption (?)

Start Date: 1911 Sep 10

Stop Date: 1911 Sep 22

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Lava Volume: 5.5 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 1.6 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: NE flank (2550-1625 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1911 Aug

Stop Date: 1911 Sep 26 ± 4 days

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Central Crater, NE Crater?

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1911 May 27

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (collapse forming NE Crater: no eruption)

Start Date: 1910 Dec 27

Stop Date: 1911 Feb 17

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 1910 May

Stop Date: 1931 Jul

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 1.3 x 10⁵ m³

Area of Activity: Summit craters and Sciara del Fuoco

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Tsunami (giant sea waves)

Start Date: 1910 Mar 23

Stop Date: 1910 Apr 18

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 6.5 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 2 x 10⁵ m³

Area of Activity: South flank (2300-1900 m, Mt. Ricco)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1910 Feb 21

Stop Date: 1910 Feb 21

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1908 May 20

Stop Date: 1909 Sep 28

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1908 Apr 29

Stop Date: 1908 May 1 ± 1 day

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 2.0 x 10⁶ m³

Tephra Volume: 1.5 x 10⁵ m³

Area of Activity: SE flank (Valle del Bove 2800-2275 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1899 Nov 15

Stop Date: 1907 Aug

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1899 Jul 19

Stop Date: 1899 Aug 5

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1893 Apr 26

Stop Date: 1898 Jun

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1892 Dec 14

Volcano: Vulcano

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 0

Area of Activity: 5 km east of Vulcanello

Eruptive Characteristics:
Submarine eruption (?)

Start Date: 1892 Jul 9

Stop Date: 1892 Dec 29

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.2 x 10⁸ m³

Tephra Volume: 9.5 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: South flank (2045-1800 m), Mt. Silvestri

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1892 Jun 20

Stop Date: 1892 Jul 8 (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1891 Dec

Volcano: Pantelleria

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Area of Activity: South of Pantelleria

Eruptive Characteristics:
Submarine eruption (?)

Start Date: 1891 Oct 17

Stop Date: 1891 Oct 25

Volcano: Pantelleria

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: Foerstner (4 km NNW of Pantelleria)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Regional fissure eruption
    Submarine eruption
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1891 Feb 20

Stop Date: 1891 Dec

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 1890 May

Stop Date: 1890 Oct 17 (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1890

Stop Date: 1907 May 29

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 4.3 x 10⁴ m³

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1888 Sep 25 ± 4 days

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nisyros

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Polyvotis Micros

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Phreatic explosion(s)

Start Date: 1888 Aug 2

Stop Date: 1890 Mar 22

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 1888 Apr 13 (on or before)

Stop Date: 1889 Aug

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1887 May 31

Stop Date: 1887 Aug

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1886 May 18

Stop Date: 1886 Jun 7

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 3.8 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 4.2 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: S flank (1525-1320 m), Mt. Gemmellaro

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1886 Jan 5 ± 4 days

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1884

Stop Date: 1886 Apr

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1883 Mar 22

Stop Date: 1883 Mar 24

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 8.0 x 10⁴ m³

Tephra Volume: 1.7 x 10⁵ m³

Area of Activity: South flank (1200-950 m, Mt. Leone)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1879 May 26

Stop Date: 1879 Jun 7

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 2.2 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 2.0 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: SSW (2650-2300 m), NNE (2450-1690 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1878 Dec 23

Stop Date: 1883 Mar 31 (on or after)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1875 Dec 18

Stop Date: 1906 Apr 22

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 4?

Lava Volume: > 1.6 x 10⁸ m³

Tephra Volume: 1.3 x 10⁸ m³

Area of Activity: Summit and upper flanks

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)
    Evacuation

Start Date: 1874 Aug 29

Stop Date: 1874 Aug 31

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.5 x 10⁶ m³

Tephra Volume: 1.5 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: North flank (2520-2110 m), Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1874 May

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1874 Jan

Volcano: Vesuvius

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 1873 Sep

Stop Date: 1879

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1873 Jun

Stop Date: 1873 Sep 26

Volcano: Nisyros

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Plegathon and Polyvotis

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 1871

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nisyros

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Plegathon and Polyvotis

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1870 Dec

Stop Date: 1872 Apr 30

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: > 2 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 1.7 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Summit and upper NW and south flanks

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1869 Sep 26

Stop Date: 1869 Sep 26

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 0

Lava Volume: 2.5 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: East flank (W wall of Valle del Bove)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Radial fissure eruption
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1868 Nov 26 (?)

Stop Date: 1868 Dec 8

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1867

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei Mar Sicilia

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 0

Area of Activity: Pinne

Eruptive Characteristics:
Submarine eruption

Start Date: 1866 Jan 26

Stop Date: 1870 Oct 15

Volcano: Santorini

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.4 x 10⁸ m³

Area of Activity: Georgios, Afroessa and Reka domes

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Regional fissure eruption
    Submarine eruption
    New island formation
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Evacuation

Start Date: 1865 Jan 30

Stop Date: 1865 Jun 28

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 8.7 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 7.5 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: NE flank (1865-1690 m, Mt. Sartorius)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1864 Aug 5 ± 4 days

Stop Date: 1864 Sep 19

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1864 Feb 10

Stop Date: 1868 Nov 26

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 6 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: Summit and upper SE flank

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1863 Aug 12

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei Mar Sicilia

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Giulia Ferdinandeo

Eruptive Characteristics:
Submarine eruption
New island formation

Start Date: 1863 May 1

Stop Date: 1863 Jul 25 (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1857 Sep 6

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1?

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption (?)

Start Date: 1857

Stop Date: 1889 Jun 26

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 4.3 x 10⁴ m³

Area of Activity: Summit craters and Sciara del Fuoco

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Tsunami (giant sea waves)
    Debris avalanche(s)

Start Date: 1855 Dec 19

Stop Date: 1861 Dec 31

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 1.2 x 10⁸ m³

Area of Activity: Summit and SW flank (300-225 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Evacuation

Start Date: 1855

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Tendürek Dagi

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1854 Dec 14

Stop Date: 1855 May 27

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 1.7 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Summit and upper N flank

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1852 Aug 20

Stop Date: 1853 May 27

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.3 x 10⁸ m³

Tephra Volume: 6.6 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: East (Valle del Bove 1950-1700 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1846 Oct 4

Stop Date: 1846 Oct 5

Volcano: Campi Flegrei Mar Sicilia

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Pinne

Eruptive Characteristics:
Submarine eruption

Start Date: 1843 Nov 17

Stop Date: 1843 Dec 16 (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 5.3 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 2.9 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: West flank (2400-1900 m), Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1842 Nov 18

Stop Date: 1842 Dec 29 (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 2.1 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: Central Crater (south & east slopes)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1841 Sep 20

Stop Date: 1850 Feb 16

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: > 2 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Summit, upper N and E flanks

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1840 Jul 2

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ararat

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Area of Activity: Upper northern flank

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)
    Debris avalanche(s)

Start Date: 1838 Jul 8

Stop Date: 1839 Feb

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.5 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1835 Jan

Stop Date: 1839 Jan 3

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 1.4 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Summit, upper east and west flanks

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1832 Oct 31

Stop Date: 1832 Nov 22

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 5.8 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 2.5 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: SSE, W flanks (3000-1700? m), Mt. Nunziata

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1831 Jun 28 (continuing)

Stop Date: 1831 Aug 11 ± 4 days

Volcano: Campi Flegrei Mar Sicilia

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Tephra Volume: 5.5 ± 5.0 x 10⁸ m³

Area of Activity: Giulia Ferdinandeo (Graham Island)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Regional fissure eruption
    Submarine eruption
    New island formation
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1831

Volcano: Pantelleria

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Area of Activity: Off the northern coast

Eruptive Characteristics:
Submarine eruption (?)

Start Date: 1831

Volcano: Vulcano

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1?

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption (?)

Start Date: 1824 Jul 2

Stop Date: 1834 Sep 2

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: > 1.5 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Summit, upper E and S flanks

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 1822

Stop Date: 1823

Volcano: Vulcano

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2?

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption (?)

Start Date: 1820 Dec (?)

Stop Date: 1833

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1819 May 27

Stop Date: 1819 Aug 5

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2?

Lava Volume: 4.7 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 8.5 x 10⁵ m³

Area of Activity: (Valle del Bove 2850-2375 m), Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1816 Mar 6

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 0

Area of Activity: Offshore from Aci-Castello

Eruptive Characteristics:
Submarine eruption (?)

Start Date: 1812

Volcano: Vulcano

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1?

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption (?)

Start Date: 1811 Oct 27

Stop Date: 1812 May (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 5.1 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 3.4 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: East (Valle del Bove 3000-1975 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1809 Mar 27

Stop Date: 1809 Apr 9

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 3.6 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 2.1 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: Central Crater, N & NE flanks (3000-1325 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1803 Jan 1

Stop Date: 1819 (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1802 Nov 15

Stop Date: 1802 Nov 18

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.0 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Central Crater, E flank (1950-1700 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1796 Jan

Stop Date: 1822 Nov 16

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Lava Volume: > 7 x 10⁶ m³

Tephra Volume: 7.5 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Summit and upper flanks

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 1793 (?)

Stop Date: 1802 (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1792 May 25

Stop Date: 1793 May 26 ± 5 days

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 9.0 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 1 x 10⁵ m³

Area of Activity: Summit, SE flank (2825-1500 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1792 Mar

Stop Date: 1792 May 24

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.2 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: Central Crater, west slope

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1791 Feb

Stop Date: 1791 Sep

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1787 Jun 4 ± 4 days

Stop Date: 1787 Aug 11

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 4

Lava Volume: 6.8 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1786

Volcano: Vulcano

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1783 Aug 18

Stop Date: 1794 Jul 5

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Lava Volume: 2.4 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 5.1 ± 5.0 x 10⁸ m³

Area of Activity: Summit and SW flank (550-300 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 1783

Volcano: Ararat

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics: Unknown

Start Date: 1781 Mar

Stop Date: 1781 May 10

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1780 Apr 20 (?)

Stop Date: 1780 Jul (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 2.9 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 1 x 10⁴ m³

Area of Activity: Summit, S & SSW flanks (2360-1850 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1780

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1776

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1775

Volcano: Vulcano

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption (?)

Start Date: 1771 Feb 17

Stop Date: 1771 May

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1770 May 28 ± 1 day

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption (?)

Start Date: 1770 Feb 15

Stop Date: 1779 Oct 4 (?)

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Lava Volume: > 5.2 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 6.1 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: Summit, N, NE, SE and E flanks

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)
    Evacuation

Start Date: 1767 May 2

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1766 Apr 27

Stop Date: 1766 Nov 6

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.4 x 10⁸ m³

Tephra Volume: 1.8 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: South flank (2100-1950 m, M. Calcarazzi)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s) (?)
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1764

Stop Date: 1765 (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Lava Volume: 1.2 x 10⁸ m³

Tephra Volume: 2 x 10⁵ m³

Area of Activity: NW flank (3125-2500 m?)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1764

Stop Date: 1767 Oct 27

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: > 1.1 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 1.4 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: Summit, upper SW, SE, and NNW flanks

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1763 Jun 18

Stop Date: 1763 Sep 10

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 1.0 x 10⁸ m³

Tephra Volume: 5.0 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: South flank (2500-1925 m, Montagnola)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1763 Feb 6

Stop Date: 1763 Mar 10 (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.8 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 2.6 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: West flank (1725-1580 m, Mt. Nuovo)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1758 Nov 3 (?)

Stop Date: 1759 Aug 1

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Central Crater, south flank (3000 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1755 Mar 9

Stop Date: 1755 Mar 15

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 4.7 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: East flank (Valle del Bove, 1750 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 1744 Nov (?)

Stop Date: 1761 Jan 6

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: > 9.8 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: Summit, upper SE, E and lower S flanks

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1742

Stop Date: 1743

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1732 Dec 25

Stop Date: 1737 Jun 4

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Lava Volume: > 1 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Summit and SW flank

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 1732 Dec 9

Stop Date: 1765

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: ?9 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1731

Stop Date: 1739

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 2.4 x 10⁶ m³

Tephra Volume: 2.5 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 1727 Nov 22

Stop Date: 1728 May 10 (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2?

Area of Activity: Central Crater (SW slope)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1727

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Area of Activity: Forgia Vecchia II and Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Flank (excentric) vent
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 1724 Sep 4

Stop Date: 1730 Apr 1 (?)

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Tephra Volume: 1.2 x 10⁶ m³

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1723 Nov 22

Stop Date: 1724 May (?)

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: (confused with 1727-1728 eruption?)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1708 Aug 14

Stop Date: 1723 Jul 8

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Tephra Volume: 8.0 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: Summit, upper east and south flanks

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1707 May 23

Stop Date: 1711 Sep 14

Volcano: Santorini

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 8.1 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Nea Kameni

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Regional fissure eruption
    Submarine eruption
    New island formation
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1702 Mar 8

Stop Date: 1702 May 8

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Lava Volume: 1.7 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: East flank (Valle del Bove, 2075-1875 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1701 Jul 1

Stop Date: 1707 Aug 22

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Tephra Volume: 1.3 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: Summit and SW flank

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 1701

Volcano: Campi Flegrei Mar Sicilia

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Giulia Ferdinandeo

Eruptive Characteristics:
Submarine eruption (?)
New island formation (?)

Start Date: 1697 Sep 15

Stop Date: 1698 Jul

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 1696 Jul 31

Stop Date: 1696 Aug 14 (?)

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1693 Dec

Stop Date: 1694 Nov (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1693 Jan 9

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Area of Activity: (tectonic earthquake, eruption doubtful)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 1692 Apr 13

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption (?)

Start Date: 1689 Mar 14

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Lava Volume: 1.7 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: East flank (Valle del Bove, 2300 m?)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1688

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: East slope of Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1688

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1685 Oct 3

Stop Date: 1694 Apr 29

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1682 Sep 1

Stop Date: 1682 Oct (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: East flank (Valle del Bove, 2900 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption (?)
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1682 Aug 12

Stop Date: 1682 Aug 22

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Tephra Volume: 5.6 x 10⁶ m³

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities

Start Date: 1669 Mar 11

Stop Date: 1669 Jul 11 (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Lava Volume: 1.0 x 10⁹ m³

Tephra Volume: 2.5 x 10⁸ m³

Area of Activity: S flank (950-625 m, Monti Rossi)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Evacuation

Start Date: 1654 Feb 25

Stop Date: 1680 Mar 28

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s) (?)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 1654 Jan 1

Stop Date: 1656 (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1651 Jan 17

Stop Date: 1653 Jul (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Lava Volume: 5.0 x 10⁸ m³

Tephra Volume: 6 x 10⁵ m³

Area of Activity: West (2600-1770 m), east (1875-1815 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1651

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1650 Oct 27

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: East flank (Lake Van)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Flank (excentric) vent
    Crater lake eruption
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1650 Sep 27

Stop Date: 1650 Dec 6

Volcano: Santorini

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 4?

Tephra Volume: > 5.5 ± 5.0 x 10⁸ m³

Area of Activity: Colombo Bank (6.5 km NE of Thera)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Flank (excentric) vent
    Regional fissure eruption
    Submarine eruption
    New island formation
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Tsunami (giant sea waves)

Start Date: 1646 Nov 20

Stop Date: 1647 Jan 17

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.5 x 10⁸ m³

Tephra Volume: 9 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: NNE (2000 m, 1800 m), Mt. Nero

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1643 Feb 20

Stop Date: 1643 Feb 28

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Lava Volume: 4.0 x 10⁶ m³

Tephra Volume: 1.3 x 10⁵ m³

Area of Activity: N flank (2100-1275 m), Monte Pomiciaro

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1640

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (1640 is error for 1643 eruption)

Start Date: 1637 Jul 1

Stop Date: 1652 Dec

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)
    Evacuation

Start Date: 1634 Dec 19 (?)

Stop Date: 1638 Apr 27

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Lava Volume: 2.0 x 10⁸ m³

Tephra Volume: 2.3 x 10⁵ m³

Area of Activity: SE (2100-1950 m), Little Mt. Pecorara

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1633 Feb 21

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Area of Activity: Central Crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption (?)
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 1632

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei Mar Sicilia

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 0

Area of Activity: Giulia Ferdinandeo

Eruptive Characteristics:
Submarine eruption

Start Date: 1631 Dec 16

Stop Date: 1632 Jan 31 (?)

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 5?

Tephra Volume: 1.1 x 10⁹ m³

Area of Activity: Summit, SW and S flanks

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)
    Tsunami (giant sea waves)
    Caldera collapse
    Evacuation

Start Date: 1631

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1626 Mar

Stop Date: 1626 Apr

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1618

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1614 Jul 1 (?)

Stop Date: 1624

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.1 x 10⁹ m³

Tephra Volume: 2 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: NNE flank (2800-2400 m), Monti Deserti

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1610 Feb 6

Stop Date: 1610 Aug 15

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.2 x 10⁸ m³

Tephra Volume: 1.7 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: SW flank (2500-1700 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1609 Jul

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (confused with 1607 eruption)

Start Date: 1607 Jun 28

Stop Date: 1608 (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.6 x 10⁸ m³

Tephra Volume: 6 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: SW flank (2250-1950 m)?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1603 Jul

Stop Date: 1610

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 1.1 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: Central Crater (SW and S slope)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1597 (in or before)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Eruptive Characteristics:
Radial fissure eruption
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1595

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (1595 eruption report discredited)

Start Date: 1579 Sep 9 (?)

Stop Date: 1580 (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: SE flank

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1578

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics:
Radial fissure eruption (?)

Start Date: 1570

Stop Date: 1573

Volcano: Santorini

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 1.2 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: Mikri Kameni

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Regional fissure eruption
    Submarine eruption
    New island formation
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 1570 (in or before)

Stop Date: 1572 ± 1 year

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)

Start Date: 1566 Nov 1 (?)

Stop Date: 1566 Dec

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 4 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 6 x 10⁵ m³

Area of Activity: NE flank

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1558 (in or before)

Stop Date: 1857

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Area of Activity: Summit craters and Sciara del Fuoco

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Submarine eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1554

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption

Start Date: 1550

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (no 1550 eruption)

Start Date: 1550

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Area of Activity: Vulcanello III

Eruptive Characteristics:
Flank (excentric) vent
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1541 Jul (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1540 Jul

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1538 Sep 29

Stop Date: 1538 Oct 6

Volcano: Campi Flegrei

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Tephra Volume: 7.0 ± 0.3 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Monte Nuovo

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava lake eruption
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Evacuation

Start Date: 1537 Mar (?)

Stop Date: 1537 Jul

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 5.1 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 2.6 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: Summit, south flank (1800-1500 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1536 Mar 22

Stop Date: 1536 Dec (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 9 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 2.2 x 10⁵ m³

Area of Activity: Summit, S, N & W flanks (1400-2500 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 1535

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (probably same as 1536 eruption)

Start Date: 1533

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (no activity recorded 1494-1533)

Start Date: 1500

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)

Start Date: 1493 (?)

Stop Date: 1500 (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 1470

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (no 1470 eruption)

Start Date: 1450 ± 50 years

Volcano: Kars Plateau

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2?

Eruptive Characteristics: Unknown

Start Date: 1450

Volcano: Ararat

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics: Unknown

Start Date: 1447 Sep 21

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1446 Sep 25

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: East (Valle del Bove, 1630 or 1825 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Radial fissure eruption
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1444 Feb 4

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Eruptive Characteristics:
Submarine eruption (?)
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1444

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: South (N of Mt. Arso and 950 m)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1441

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: North flank (Nemrut Boynu)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1422

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nisyros

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 1408 Nov 8

Stop Date: 1408 Nov 25 (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Area of Activity: Summit, south flank (M. Piniteddu)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1402 (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1381 (?) Aug 6 (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 7.5 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 1 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: SSE (370 m), Mts. Pomiciari, Arsi?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1350

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1347

Volcano: Vesuvius

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2?

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption (?)

Start Date: 1334

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (confused with 1329 eruption)

Start Date: 1333

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption (?)
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1329 Jun 28

Stop Date: 1329 Aug 4 ± 4 days

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Lava Volume: 6 x 10⁷ m³

Tephra Volume: 3.5 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: SE flank

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities (?)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Tsunami (giant sea waves)

Start Date: 1321

Stop Date: 1328

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (confused with 1329 eruption)

Start Date: 1302 Jan 18

Stop Date: 1302 Mar

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: Arso

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Evacuation

Start Date: 1290 (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Area of Activity: (FBT tephra; preceded 1302 Arso eruption)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption
Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 1284

Stop Date: 1285 Jan (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: East flank (Valle del Bove)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Radial fissure eruption
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1282 (in or before)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Larderello

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Area of Activity: Lago Vecchienna

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Crater lake eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Evacuation

Start Date: 1270

Volcano: Vesuvius

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2?

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1250

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2?

Eruptive Characteristics: Unknown

Start Date: 1230 ± 40 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Lipari

Dating Technique: Magnetism

Area of Activity: Pelato (Forgia Vecchia, Rocche Rossi)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1230 ± 20 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Magnetism

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 0

Area of Activity: Fossa (Palizzi lava flow)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1224 Aug (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: SE flank

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1222

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (incorrect inference of date)

Start Date: 1200 ± 75 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Magnetism

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2?

Area of Activity: Vulcanello

Eruptive Characteristics:
Flank (excentric) vent
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1198

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Area of Activity: Solfatara

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 1194

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2?

Eruptive Characteristics: Unknown

Start Date: 1175

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (probably confused with 1169 events)

Start Date: 1169 Feb 4

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Area of Activity: (tectonic earthquake, eruption uncertain)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption (?)
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Lava flow(s) (?)
    Damage (land, property, etc.) (?)

Start Date: 1164 (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2?

Eruptive Characteristics: Unknown

Start Date: 1160

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2?

Eruptive Characteristics: Unknown

Start Date: 1157

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2?

Eruptive Characteristics: Unknown

Start Date: 1150

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1139 Jun 1

Stop Date: 1139 Jun 9

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1111

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: East flank (Lake Van)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Flank (excentric) vent
    Crater lake eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Tsunami (giant sea waves)

Start Date: 1073 ± 5 years

Volcano: Vesuvius

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption (?)
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 1063 ± 1 year

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: WSW flank (1500 m) ?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption (?)
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1049

Volcano: Vesuvius

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 1044

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics: Unknown

Start Date: 1040 ± 75 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Magnetism

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Flank (excentric) vent
    Submarine eruption (?)
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1037 Jan 27

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Area of Activity: Summit and south flank (I Monticelli?)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1006 Dec 31 ± 365 days

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 1004

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics: Unknown

Start Date: 999 AD

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Area of Activity: Summit and south flank (Fossamonaca)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 991 AD

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 968 AD Dec 1 ± 30 days

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 4

Tephra Volume: 2.9 x 10⁸ m³

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.) (?)

Start Date: 950 AD ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 925 AD ± 25 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 911 AD

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics: Unknown

Start Date: 900 AD ± 40 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Magnetism

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 0?

Area of Activity: South and west (Tironi) flanks

Eruptive Characteristics:
Radial fissure eruption
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 860 AD ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Magnetism

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 0?

Area of Activity: South flank

Eruptive Characteristics:
Radial fissure eruption
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 859 AD

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics: Unknown

Start Date: 820 AD ± 300 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Area of Activity: Near Arso (FiT tephra layer)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 814 AD

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics: Unknown

Start Date: 812 AD (?)

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Lava Volume: 1 x 10⁸ m³

Tephra Volume: 2.3 x 10⁵ m³

Area of Activity: South flank (1200 m, S of Mt. Sona)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 787 AD Oct 15 ± 45 days

Stop Date: 788 AD Jan 15 ± 45 days

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Area of Activity: Summit and south flank

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s) (?)
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities (?)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 780 AD ± 100 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Lipari

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Area of Activity: Monte Pelato

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 753 AD

Volcano: Dar-Alages

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption (?)

Start Date: 729 AD

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 726 AD Jul 15 ± 45 days

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Santorini

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 4?

Lava Volume: 5 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: NE side of Thia Island

Start Date: 685 AD Feb

Stop Date: 685 AD Mar

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 4

Tephra Volume: 1 x 10⁸ m³

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s) (?)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 644 AD

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics: Unknown

Start Date: 604 AD

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (incorrect reference to eruption)

Start Date: 560 AD

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (no specific eruptions AD 500-560)

Start Date: 550 AD ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 540 AD ± 150 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Area of Activity: Montagnone-Moschiata area (BCT tephra)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 536 AD

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars) (?)

Start Date: 526 AD (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Area of Activity: Fossa and Vulcanello III?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Flank (excentric) vent
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 512 AD Jul 8

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 4?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 505 AD Nov 9

Volcano: Vesuvius

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 500 AD

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (no specific eruptions AD 500-560)

Start Date: 472 AD Nov 5

Stop Date: 472 AD Nov 6 (?)

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 5

Tephra Volume: 1.4 x 10⁹ m³

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption (?)
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s) (?)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 417 AD (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 410 AD

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (incorrectly interpreted as eruption)

Start Date: 400 AD

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (incorrectly interpreted as eruption)

Start Date: 379 AD

Stop Date: 395 AD

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 303 AD

Volcano: Vesuvius

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 295 AD ± 10 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: Vateliero, Molara-Cava Nocelle, Rotaro

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 253 AD (in or before)

Volcano: Erciyes Dagi

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics:
Flank (excentric) vent
Explosive eruption (?)

Start Date: 252 AD Feb 1

Stop Date: 252 AD Feb 9

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Area of Activity: South flank (Monpeloso)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 250 AD ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 222 AD

Stop Date: 235 AD

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 203 AD

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): P

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 172 AD

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 165 AD

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (no 165 AD eruption)

Start Date: 150 AD ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 145 AD (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Lava dome extrusion (?)

Start Date: 144 AD

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 140 AD ± 300 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Mílos

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 1?

Area of Activity: SE Mílos, east of Fyriplaka tuff ring

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 100 AD ± 100 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Tephrochronology

Area of Activity: (FV tephra layer)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 80 AD (?)

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 80 AD ± 1 year

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Lava dome extrusion (?)

Start Date: 79 AD Oct 24 (?)

Stop Date: 79 AD Oct 28 ± 1 day

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 5?

Tephra Volume: 3.3 ± 0.5 x 10⁹ m³

Area of Activity: (Pompeii eruption)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)
    Tsunami (giant sea waves)
    Caldera collapse
    Evacuation

Start Date: 72 AD

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (incorrect eruption report)

Start Date: 69 AD

Volcano: Ischia

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption (?)
Lava dome extrusion (?)

Start Date: 50 AD ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 50 AD ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 50 AD ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Elbrus

Dating Technique: Tephrochronology

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 50 AD

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (description of Etna, not eruption)

Start Date: 46 AD Dec 31

Stop Date: 47 AD Feb 1 ± 30 days

Volcano: Santorini

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Area of Activity: Thia Island

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Regional fissure eruption
    Submarine eruption
    New island formation
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion
    Tsunami (giant sea waves)

Start Date: 40 AD ± 75 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Tephra Volume: 2 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Cretaio Tephra (near Bosco della Maddalena)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 39 AD ± 1 year

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 19 AD

Volcano: Santorini

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (eruption took place in 46 A.D.)

Start Date: 10 AD (?)

Stop Date: 20 AD (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 6 BC ± 20 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption

Start Date: 10 BC ± 10 years

Volcano: Vulcano

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Area of Activity: Vulcanello

Eruptive Characteristics:
Flank (excentric) vent
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 10 BC (?)

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 24 BC ± 5 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: Vulcanello ?

Eruptive Characteristics:
Flank (excentric) vent

Start Date: 32 BC Dec 31 ± 365 days

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Eruptive Characteristics:
Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 36 BC Jul 15 ± 45 days

Stop Date: 35 BC

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: East side ?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption (?)
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 43 BC

Volcano: Vulcano

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (no 43 BC eruption)

Start Date: 44 BC Mar (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Area of Activity: (FF tephra layer)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption (?)
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 49 BC

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: West flank and summit ?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption (?)
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 50 BC ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 56 BC

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics: Unknown

Start Date: 61 BC

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption (?)
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 91 BC

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Area of Activity: Vulcanello

Eruptive Characteristics:
Flank (excentric) vent
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 91 BC

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 104 BC

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulsini

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Eruptive Characteristics: Unknown

Start Date: 114 BC

Volcano: Alban Hills

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (ashfall, fire report likely forest fire)

Start Date: 122 BC

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 5

Tephra Volume: > 1 x 10⁹ m³

Area of Activity: S flank, summit (Cratere del Piano caldera)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Caldera collapse

Start Date: 126 BC Jun (on or before)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Radial fissure eruption (?)
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 126 BC Jun

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: Vulcanello

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Submarine eruption
    New island formation
    Tsunami (giant sea waves)

Start Date: 135 BC

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption (?)
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 141 BC Dec 31 ± 365 days

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption (?)
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 150 BC ± 300 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Uranium-Thorium

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption
Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 183 BC

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 4

Area of Activity: Vulcanello

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Flank (excentric) vent
    Submarine eruption
    New island formation
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 197 BC

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Santorini

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Area of Activity: Hiera Island

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Regional fissure eruption
    Submarine eruption
    New island formation
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 200 BC ± 200 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: Magnetism

Area of Activity: Ischia Porto (Spiaggia dei Pescatori)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 210 BC ± 10 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 215 BC

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: Offshore vent

Eruptive Characteristics:
Submarine eruption

Start Date: 217 BC

Stop Date: 216 BC

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Area of Activity: (AP6 tephra layer)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 253 BC ± 12 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei Mar Sicilia

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Eruptive Characteristics:
Submarine eruption

Start Date: 258 BC ± 18 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Methana

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 6 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Kameno Vouno

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 300 BC

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 350 BC ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 350 BC (?)

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (no ca. 350 BC eruption)

Start Date: 360 BC ± 10 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 370 BC ± 150 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: Magnetism

Area of Activity: Ischia Porto (San Pietro)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Tsunami (giant sea waves)
    Evacuation

Start Date: 396 BC (?) Apr 15 ± 45 days

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: SE flank (700 m, Monte Gorna)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 425 BC Mar 15 ± 15 days

Stop Date: 424 BC (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: South flank (Monte Arso)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 470 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: Bosco dei Conti and Fondo Ferraro ?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 475 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 479 BC Aug (?)

Stop Date: 475 BC (?)

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: South flank ?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 490 BC ± 150 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: Magnetism

Area of Activity: Case Balestrieri?, Cava Nocelle?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 531 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 540 BC (?)

Volcano: Alban Hills

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (ashfall, stone ejection report unlikely)

Start Date: 550 BC

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ararat

Dating Technique: Anthropology

Area of Activity: Summit (?) and north flank

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption (?)
    Flank (excentric) vent
    Lava flow(s)
    Debris avalanche(s)

Start Date: 550 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Tendürek Dagi

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: Lower SE flank

Eruptive Characteristics:
Flank (excentric) vent
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 565 BC

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics: Unknown

Start Date: 600 BC

Volcano: Alban Hills

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Area of Activity: Ariccia crater

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Phreatic explosion(s) (?)

Start Date: 600 BC (in or before)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Anthropology

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 657 BC ± 25 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 695 BC ± 2 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Area of Activity: South ?, Mt. Mompilieri ?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 700 BC ± 75 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: Tephrochronology

Area of Activity: Costa del Lenzuolo

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 735 BC

Volcano: Etna

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics: Unknown

Start Date: 740 BC ± 2 years

Volcano: Porak

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Lava flow(s) (?)
    Fatalities

Start Date: 750 BC ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Kasbek

Dating Technique: Tephrochronology

Eruptive Characteristics: Unknown

Start Date: 778 BC ± 5 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Porak

Dating Technique: Anthropology

Area of Activity: SW flank

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Flank (excentric) vent
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 787 BC ± 25 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 880 BC ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 4

Tephra Volume: 4.0 x 10⁸ m³

Area of Activity: (AP3 tephra layer)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 930 BC ± 150 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Area of Activity: SE of Selva del Napolitano (CaT tephra)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 950 BC ± 500 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Uranium-Thorium

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 0

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1050 BC ± 75 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: South flank (Monte Salto del Cane)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1080 BC ± 300 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Pantelleria

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: Hingeline vent system

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1300 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: Tephrochronology

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Tephra Volume: 1.0 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Fossa

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 1396 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1420 BC ± 75 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Area of Activity: (FL tephra layer)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption
Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 1430 BC ± 300 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 4

Tephra Volume: 1.7 x 10⁸ m³

Area of Activity: (AP2 tephra layer)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 1470 BC

Volcano: Etna

Eruption DISCREDITED

Area of Activity: (confused with ca. 1500 BC eruption)

Start Date: 1480 BC ± 300 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: Magnetism

Area of Activity: Castiglione

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Evacuation

Start Date: 1500 BC ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Historical Records

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 5?

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption (?)
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars) (?)

Start Date: 1550 BC ± 75 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 4

Tephra Volume: 1.5 x 10⁸ m³

Area of Activity: (AP1 tephra layer)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 1610 BC ± 14 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Santorini

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 7?

Tephra Volume: 9.9 x 10¹⁰ m³

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Regional fissure eruption
    Submarine eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)
    Tsunami (giant sea waves)
    Caldera collapse
    Evacuation

Start Date: 1650 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei

Dating Technique: Tephrochronology

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 4

Tephra Volume: 1.5 x 10⁸ m³

Area of Activity: Fossa Lupara (Monte Senga)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1662 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 1870 BC ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 4

Tephra Volume: 1.0 x 10⁹ m³

Area of Activity: Astroni

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 1900 BC ± 1000 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ghegam Ridge

Dating Technique: Anthropology

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 0

Area of Activity: North part of eastern cone cluster

Eruptive Characteristics:
Regional fissure eruption
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 1980 BC ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: (FS tephra layer)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 2000 BC ± 1000 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Dar-Alages

Dating Technique: Anthropology

Area of Activity: Vaiyots-Sar

Eruptive Characteristics:
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 2000 BC ± 150 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei

Dating Technique: Tephrochronology

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 4

Tephra Volume: 2.9 x 10⁸ m³

Area of Activity: Averno

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 2040 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei

Dating Technique: Tephrochronology

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Tephra Volume: 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Solfatara

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 2080 BC ± 75 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei

Dating Technique: Tephrochronology

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2

Lava Volume: 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Monte Olibano-Accademia

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 2080 BC ± 200 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Acigöl-Nevsehir

Dating Technique: Anthropology

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption
Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 2150 BC ± 500 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 5

Tephra Volume: 1.8 x 10⁹ m³

Area of Activity: Agnano Monte Spina

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 2220 BC ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: Eastern NYT caldera (Paleoastroni 2 tephra)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 2330 BC ± 150 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei

Dating Technique: Tephrochronology

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Area of Activity: (Paleoastroni 1 tephra)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 2330 BC ± 100 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 2350 BC ± 1000 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: K-AR

Area of Activity: Costa Sparaina

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 2370 BC ± 200 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Acigöl-Nevsehir

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: (tephra layer T17)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 2420 BC ± 40 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 5

Tephra Volume: 3.9 x 10⁹ m³

Area of Activity: (Avellino eruption)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)
    Caldera collapse
    Evacuation

Start Date: 2440 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: Agnano-Monte Sant'Angelo

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 2450 BC ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ararat

Dating Technique: Anthropology

Area of Activity: NW flank

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Flank (excentric) vent
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Fatalities
    Damage (land, property, etc.)

Start Date: 2500 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei

Dating Technique: Tephrochronology

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 4

Tephra Volume: 1 x 10⁸ m³

Area of Activity: Cigliano

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 2580 BC ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: (Averno 1, Agnano 2 tephras)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 2650 BC ± 1000 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: K-AR

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Lava Volume: 2.6 x 10⁶ m³

Tephra Volume: 2.5 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Fossa (Campo Sportivo eruptive cycle)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 2700 BC ± 1000 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: Tephrochronology

Area of Activity: Punta della Cannuccia

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 2890 BC

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: East part of NYT caldera (Agnano 1 tephra)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 3000 BC ± 300 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Tskhouk-Karckar

Dating Technique: Tephrochronology

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Damage (land, property, etc.)
    Evacuation

Start Date: 3050 BC ± 1000 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: K-AR

Area of Activity: Cantariello

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 3050 BC ± 150 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 3390 BC ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: (Tufo varicolori tephra layer)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 3500 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Acigöl-Nevsehir

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: (tephra layer T15)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 3510 BC ± 150 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Explosive eruption
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)

Start Date: 3550 BC ± 1000 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: K-AR

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 0

Lava Volume: 3.0 x 10⁶ m³

Area of Activity: Fossa (Punte Nere lava flow)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 3580 BC ± 300 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Area of Activity: Submarine SE flank (Secca d'Ischia)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Flank (excentric) vent
    Submarine eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 3600 BC ± 500 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Calatrava Volcanic Field

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Area of Activity: Columba

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 3880 BC ± 200 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: Magnetism

Area of Activity: Zaro, Marecocco, Spiaggia degli Inglesi

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 4000 BC ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Kasbek

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 4040 BC ± 150 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Chaîne des Puys

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Tephra Volume: > 7.5 x 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Montcineyre, Estivadoux, Pavin

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 4050 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Area of Activity: (Secche di Lazzaro pyroclastics)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)
    Tsunami (giant sea waves)
    Debris avalanche(s)

Start Date: 4055 BC ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 4150 BC ± 150 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 4250 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Magnetism

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2?

Area of Activity: NE flank (Punta Lena lava flow)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 4321 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 4430 BC ± 200 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Pantelleria

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Area of Activity: Cuddia Randazzo

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 4510 BC ± 300 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Porak

Dating Technique: Tephrochronology

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 4550 BC ± 300 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Pantelleria

Dating Technique: Magnetism

Area of Activity: Serra della Fastuca

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 4550 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Magnetism

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 0

Area of Activity: Northern flank (Vallonazzo)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Radial fissure eruption
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 4615 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 4800 BC ± 300 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Magnetism

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 2?

Area of Activity: Northern flank

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Radial fissure eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 4849 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 4938 BC ± 75 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 5050 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Magnetism

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 0

Area of Activity: Northern flank (Vallonazzo lava flow)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Radial fissure eruption
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 5085 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 5150 BC ± 150 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 5152 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 5242 BC ± 75 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 5320 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 5550 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Magnetism

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 0

Area of Activity: Northern flank (Labronzo)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Radial fissure eruption
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 5610 BC ± 100 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Pantelleria

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: Punta Tracino

Eruptive Characteristics:
Flank (excentric) vent
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 5745 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 5760 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Chaîne des Puys

Dating Technique: Thermoluminescence

Area of Activity: Puy de Come, Puy Montchier

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 5800 BC ± 300 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Magnetism

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 0

Area of Activity: NE flank (Nel Camnestrà lava flow)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Radial fissure eruption
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 5820 BC ± 75 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Lipari

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Area of Activity: (Gabellotto-Fiumebianco, E-1 tephra)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 6020 BC ± 150 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Chaîne des Puys

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: Puy de Lassolas, Puy de la Vache

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 6050 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Stromboli

Dating Technique: Magnetism

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 0

Area of Activity: Northern flank (Vallonazzo)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Radial fissure eruption
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 6130 BC ± 75 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Pantelleria

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: Cuddia Patite ?

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 6190 BC ± 200 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Etna

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 6213 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 6230 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Acigöl-Nevsehir

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: (tephra layer T13)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 6250 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Chaîne des Puys

Dating Technique: Thermoluminescence

Area of Activity: Puy de Pariou

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Phreatic explosion(s)
    Lava flow(s)
    Lava lake eruption

Start Date: 6300 BC ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: N part of NYT caldera (San Martino)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Submarine eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 6350 BC ± 1000 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: K-AR

Area of Activity: (Monte Saraceno tephra)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 6471 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 6490 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei

Dating Technique: Tephrochronology

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3?

Tephra Volume: 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Eastern part of NYT caldera

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Submarine eruption
    Explosive eruption

Start Date: 6550 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Chaîne des Puys

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: Puys Chopine, Vasset, Cratère Kilian

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 6550 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vulcano

Dating Technique: K-AR

Area of Activity: NW side (Lentia)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Flank (excentric) vent
Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 6650 BC ± 100 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 4

Tephra Volume: 10⁸ m³

Area of Activity: Fondi di Baia, Sartania

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Submarine eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 6750 BC ± 50 years

Volcano: Hasan Dagi

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption (?)
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 6880 BC ± 40 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Erciyes Dagi

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 6940 BC ± 100 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Vesuvius

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 5

Tephra Volume: 2.8 ± 0.5 x 10⁹ m³

Area of Activity: (Mercato Pumice)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)
    Mudflow(s) (lahars)
    Caldera collapse

Start Date: 7020 BC ± 100 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Chaîne des Puys

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: (Taphanel tephra)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 7050 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Pantelleria

Dating Technique: K-AR

Area of Activity: Cuddia di Mida, Valenza

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 7087 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 7550 BC ± 50 years

Volcano: Hasan Dagi

Eruption is UNCERTAIN

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption (?)
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Pyroclastic flow(s) (?)
    Caldera collapse (?)

Start Date: 7550 BC ± 1000 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Ischia

Dating Technique: K-AR

Area of Activity: Selva del Napolitano, Piedmonte

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 7579 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 7590 BC ± 50 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: NE part of NYT caldera (Pisani 3 tephra)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Submarine eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 7740 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Chaîne des Puys

Dating Technique: Thermoluminescence

Area of Activity: Puy Mey

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption
Lava flow(s)

Start Date: 7769 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 7810 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Acigöl-Nevsehir

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: (tephra layer T10)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 7840 BC ± 200 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Chaîne des Puys

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: Western Puy de Dôme

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption
Lava dome extrusion

Start Date: 7980 BC ± 500 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei

Dating Technique: Tephrochronology

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 3

Tephra Volume: 10⁷ m³

Area of Activity: Soccavo, Minapoli, Pisani & other vents

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Submarine eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 8040 BC ± 100 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Palinuro

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Eruptive Characteristics:
Submarine eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 8050 BC (?)

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Süphan Dagi

Dating Technique: Tephrochronology

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Flank (excentric) vent
    Explosive eruption (?)
    Lava flow(s) (?)

Start Date: 8300 BC ± 300 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: West Eifel Volcanic Field

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (uncorrected)

Area of Activity: Strohn, Pulvermaar

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 8480 BC ± 100 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Campi Flegrei

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI): 4

Area of Activity: (Agnano Pomici Principali tephra)

Eruptive Characteristics:
    Central vent eruption
    Explosive eruption
    Pyroclastic flow(s)

Start Date: 8740 BC ± 150 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: West Eifel Volcanic Field

Dating Technique: Radiocarbon (corrected)

Area of Activity: Ulmener Maar

Eruptive Characteristics:
Central vent eruption
Explosive eruption

Start Date: 9950 BC ± 150 years

Stop Date: Unknown

Volcano: Nemrut Dagi

Dating Technique: Varve count

Eruptive Characteristics:
Explosive eruption

Global Volcanism Program — Department of Mineral Sciences — National Museum of Natural History — Smithsonian Institution

Volcanoes of the World » Volcanoes of the Mediterranean and western Asia » Eruptions

Region Information

Eruptions

Subregions

Volcanoes of the Mediterranean and western Asia

Eruptions

Volcanoes of the World

Find a Volcano by Region

Find a Volcano by Name

Find a Volcano by Eruption Date

Global Volcano Lists

Large Holocene Eruptions

Types and Processes Gallery

About Volcanoes of the World

Volcanic Activity Reports

Bulletin of the Global Volcanism Network

Smithsonian / USGS Weekly Volcanic Activity Report

About Volcanic Activity Reports

Educational Resources

Frequently Asked Questions

Video Gallery

Photo Galleries

Media Coverage

Volcanology Links

Information

Products

Staff and Volunteers

Search Options

About the Global Volcanism Program

About Volcanoes of the World

About Volcanic Activity Reports

About Google Earth Placemarks