No latest activity reported for Fogo.

Below is a summary of eruption dates and Volcanic Explosivity Indices (VEI).

The following references are the sources used for data regarding this volcano. References are linked directly to our volcano data file. Discussion of another volcano or eruption (sometimes far from the one that is the subject of the manuscript) may produce a citation that is not at all apparent from the title. Additional discussion of data sources can be found under Volcano Data Criteria.

Day S J, Heleno da Silva S I N, Fonseca J F B D, 1999. A past giant lateral collapse and present-day flank instability of Fogo, Cape Verde Islands. {J Volc Geotherm Res}, 94: 191-218

Heleno S I N, Fonseca J F B D, 1999. A seismological investigation of the Fogo volcano, Cape Verde Islands: preliminary results. {Volc Seism}, 20: 199-217 (English translation)

Helono da Silva S I N, Day S J, Fonseca J F B D, 1999. Fogo volcano, Cape Verde Islands: seismicity-derived constraints on the mechanism of the 1995 eruption. {J Volc Geotherm Res}, 94: 219-231

Mitchell-Thome R C, 1976. {Geology of the Middle Atlantic Islands}. Berlin: Gebruder Borntraeger, 382 p

Neumann van Padang M, Richards A F, Machado F, Bravo T, Baker P E, Le Maitre R W, 1967. Atlantic Ocean. {Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World and Solfatara Fields}, Rome: IAVCEI, 21: 1-128

The island of Fogo consists of a single massive stratovolcano that is the most prominent of the Cape Verde Islands. The roughly circular 25-km-wide island is truncated by a large 9-km-wide caldera that is breached to the east and has a headwall 1 km high. The caldera is located asymmetrically NE of the center of the island and was formed as a result of massive lateral collapse of the ancestral Monte Armarelo edifice. A very youthful steep-sided central cone, Pico, rises more than 1 km above the caldera floor to about 100 m above the caldera rim, forming the 2829 m high point of the island. Pico, which is capped by a 500-m-wide, 150-m-deep summit crater, was apparently in almost continuous activity from the time of Portuguese settlement in 1500 AD until around 1760. Later historical lava flows, some from vents on the caldera floor, reached the eastern coast below the breached caldera.