No latest activity reported for Kerguelen Islands.

Below is a summary of eruption dates and Volcanic Explosivity Indices (VEI).

The following references are the sources used for data regarding this volcano. References are linked directly to our volcano data file. Discussion of another volcano or eruption (sometimes far from the one that is the subject of the manuscript) may produce a citation that is not at all apparent from the title. Additional discussion of data sources can be found under Volcano Data Criteria.

Ballestracci R, Nougier J, 1984. Detection by infrared thermography and modelling of an icecapped geothermal system in Kerguelen Archipelago. {J Volc Geotherm Res}, 20: 85-100

Gagnevin D, Ethien R, Bonin B, Moine B, Feraud G, Gerbe M C, Cottin J Y, Michon G, Tourpin S, Mamias G, Perrache C, Giret A, 2003. Open-system processes in the genesis of silica-oversaturated alkaline rocks of the Rallier-du-Baty Peninsula, Kerguelen Archipelago (Indian Ocean). {J Volc Geotherm Res}, 123: 267-300

LeMasurier W E, Thomson J W (eds), 1990. {Volcanoes of the Antarctic Plate and Southern Oceans}. Washington, D C: Amer Geophys Union, 487 p

Neumann van Padang M, 1963a. Arabia and the Indian Ocean. {Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World and Solfatara Fields}, Rome: IAVCEI, 16: 1-64

Nougier J, 1972. Geochronology of the volcanic activity in Iles Kerguelen. {In}: Adie R J (ed) {Antarctic Geol and Geophys}, IUGS Ser-B(1): 803-808

Weis D, Frey F A, Giret A, Cantagrel J-M, 1998. Geochemical characteristics of the youngest volcano (Mount Ross) in the Kerguelen Archipelago: inferences for magma flux, lithosphere assimilation and composition of the Kerguelen plume. {J Petr}, 39: 973-994

The Kerguelen Islands are composed primarily of Tertiary flood basalts and a complex of plutonic rocks. The trachybasaltic-to-trachytic Mount Ross stratovolcano at the southern end was active during the late Pleistocene. The Rallier du Baty Peninsula on the SW tip of the island contains two youthful subglacial eruptive centers, Mont St. Allouarn and Mont Henri Rallier du Baty. An active fumarole field is related to a series of Holocene trachytic lava flows and lahars that extend beyond the icecap (Ballestracci and Nougier, 1984). Gagnevin et al. (2003) dated a trachytic ignimbrite that was considered to represent the last major eruptive event on the Kerguelen Archipelago at 26,000 +/- 3000 years.